The Ḥanafī opinion is well-established and considered in all these types of dealings and contracts, whether in cases of necessity or not. Purchasing government bonds with a fixed rate of interest is permissible according to the Ḥanafī opinion and some Ḥanbalī scholars. Many contemporary scholars from Al-Azhar also issue fatwas allowing this even in Eastern countries, based on the understanding that a deposit differs from a loan.

Fatwa issued by Dr. Khālid Naṣr