Firstly: The default principle is that prostration should be done on seven body parts, as narrated by Muslim: “I was commanded to prostrate on seven bones.” The seven body parts are: the two hands, the two feet, the two knees, and the forehead and nose, considered as one part.
Secondly: The scholars differ on the ruling regarding prostrating on a turban or a head covering:
1- The majority opinion of the Ḥanafiy, Mālikiys, and Ḥanbāliy in one narration is that it is permissible to prostrate with the forehead covered by a barrier, such as a turban or other covering. They used as evidence what was narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah and Al-Bayhaqiy from Al-Ḥasan, who said: “The companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, used to prostrate with their hands in their garments, and a man among them would prostrate on his turban.” Al-Bukhāriy also narrated as a handing Ḥadīth with the following wording: “The people used to prostrate on their turbans and qalansuwah (a type of head covering), with their hands on their sleeves.”
2- The opinion of the Shāfiʽiys and the Ḥanbaliys in a second narration is that it is not permissible to do so.
3- Some scholars prefer elaboration which implies that if the barrier is for a reason such as avoiding heat or something similar, and it is separate from the clothing, then it is permissible. Otherwise, it is disliked, and the prayer is still valid.
What we choose for this Fatwa is view of the Ḥanafiy school of thought because the nose is sufficient to represent the seventh body part.
Fatwa by Dr. Khālid Naṣr